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Kaiser Friedrich III-class battleship
''Kaiser Friedrich III''-class battleships were a class of pre–World War I, pre-dreadnought battleships of the German Kaiserliche Marine. The class was made up of five ships, all of which were named for German emperors. The ''Kaiser Friedrich III'' class saw the introduction of the traditional armament layout for German battleships—four large-caliber guns, but of comparatively smaller caliber compared to contemporary battleships, in two gun turrets—prior to the advent of the dreadnought type of battleship in the early 1900s. They also standardized the use of three screws for battleships.
''Kaiser Friedrich III'' was laid down at Wilhelmshaven Navy Dockyard in March, 1895, followed by in October, 1896, also in Wilhelmshaven. was laid down at Germania, Kiel in January, 1898, followed by at Schichau, Danzig in August of that year, and , a month later in September, at Blohm & Voss, Hamburg. Work on all five vessels was completed by 1901.
The five ''Kaiser Friedrich III''-class battleships were assigned to the I Squadron of the Home Fleet (''Heimatflotte'') after commissioning. Here they conducted extensive annual training maneuvers with the rest of the fleet. After ten years of fleet service, they were replaced with newer ships. They were transferred to the III Squadron of the fleet, which had by then been reorganized as the High Seas Fleet, and placed in reserve. The ships were recalled to active service at the outbreak of World War I, but saw limited duty during the war. They initially served in V Squadron, until 1915, when the ships were relegated to auxiliary roles, primarily as prison ships. After the war, all five of the ships were sold and scrapped by 1922.
== Design ==
Design work on the class began in 1892 and lasted until 1894. The ships of the ''Kaiser Friedrich III'' class marked a significant departure from the previous s. Influenced by the Japanese cruisers' victory over a heavier-armed Chinese fleet at the Battle of Yalu, heavy-caliber guns designed to penetrate armor were abandoned and replaced with smaller quick-firing guns. These guns were intended to raze the superstructure of enemy battleships and demoralize the crew. The propulsion system was improved and reorganized to incorporate a third propeller shaft. The armor system, however, remained similar to that employed on the ''Brandenburg''s.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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